Pay attention to the details of the sound ground distribution

　　1. Pay attention to the details of the distribution of the audio ground wire

　　1. Some circuits have both small signal input terminals and large signal output terminals, and usually the input and output are delivered by the panel. If both input and output have grounding points, their grounding terminals must be connected to the common grounding wire separately, and cannot share a grounding wire.

　　2. If there are many grounding elements at each level in the actual circuit wiring, it is impossible to pass all these elements into one threading hole, but arrange the grounding elements of this level as close as possible to a section or one of the common grounding wire. area, and ground branches or ground islands can also be drawn from the ground wire.

　　3. Whether the layout of the ground wire is reasonable or not: whether the current in the ground wire flows through other circuits or components that are not related to this current.

　　4. When arranging the high-power audio output stage, due to the large size of the output power block and filter electrolytic capacitors and other components that need to be installed outside the board, the grounding points of these components should be connected to the grounding components of the on-board circuit of this stage. ground to a point.

　　5. The distribution of the ground wire should be based on the current in the address. The currents that are not related to each other cannot share one ground wire, and the current allowed to pass through one ground wire cannot be separated by the ground wire.

　　2. When there are various signal paths and output wires to the board, in order to prevent parasitic coupling, the following points should be done:

　　1. The signal lines should be avoided to be arranged in parallel with each other during typesetting, especially when dealing with inner cross lines and double-sided printing, pay attention to make the wires on both sides perpendicular or cross, not equal.

　　2. The signal traces between all levels should be as short as possible.

　　3. When encountering signal wires that need to be set equally in the board, these wires should be spaced as far as possible, or separated by ground wires and power wires to achieve the purpose of shielding.

　　In addition to the inductance and resistance of the printed conductor itself, there is also mutual inductance and capacitance in the conductor sound. When the operating frequency of the circuit is high or the current is large, it will also cause interference to other parts. We call this harmful coupling caused by the distribution parameters between the wires as parasitic coupling interference.

　　4. When arranging circuits at all levels, they should be arranged in the order of the signals, and cannot be detoured or arranged in stages, so that the signal lines between the levels can be prevented from crossing each other.

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