The difference between full-range speakers and crossover speakers

　　The difference between full-range speakers and crossover speakers

　　Crossover speaker

　　The multiple speakers of the crossover audio are processed separately with different frequencies. The advantage is that each frequency band is sounded by an independent unit, so each unit can work in the best condition, and the extension of high and low frequencies is easier and better. The disadvantage is that due to the different positions of the speakers, there is a tone and phase difference between the units, and the crossover network introduces new distortion to the system. The sound field, image resolution, separation and gradation are all more susceptible to influence, and the timbre may be deviated. The more frequency divisions, the higher the speaker manufacturing process requirements.

　　Therefore, the sound performance of full-range speakers is more natural and suitable for listening to human voices. The crossover speaker has excellent performance in terms of high and low extensibility, and can transmit sound effects with clear layers and rich details. Both types of speakers have their own advantages and disadvantages. You cannot simply judge which is better. Different occasions focus on different sound effects and different types of speakers, which must be judged according to the actual situation.

　　About the role of speaker crossover

　　The speaker frequency divider can separate the frequency of the sound signal, distinguish the sound signals of different frequency bands, and then amplify and send it to the speakers of the corresponding high and low frequency bands. The effect of achieving different high and low sound quality is the speaker frequency divider.

　　Principle of speaker crossover:

　　From the perspective of working principle, the frequency divider is a filter network composed of capacitors and inductors. The treble channel only allows high-frequency signals to pass through and blocks low-frequency signals; the bass channel is just the opposite, only allowing low-frequency signals to pass through but blocking high-frequency signals; the midrange channel is a band-pass filter, except for the two crossover points, one low and one high. The frequencies between the two can pass through, and both high-frequency and low-frequency components will be blocked.

　　It seems simple, but in the frequency divider used in practice, in order to balance the flexibility difference between the upper and lower sound units, audio manufacturers need to participate in different sizes of attenuation resistors or impedance compensation composed of resistors and capacitors according to different conditions. The network, different designs and production processes naturally make the seemingly humble component of the frequency divider have different effects in the speakers. These details are what all HIFI equipment must pursue, which is also the fundamental difference between HIFI and ordinary civilian equipment.

　　The role of speaker crossover:

　　When playing music, due to the limitations of the speaker unit's own capabilities and structure, it is difficult to cover all frequency bands with only one speaker. If the full-band signal is directly sent to the high, medium, and woofer units without distribution, the frequency response of the unit The local "excess signal" outside the range will adversely affect the signal recovery in the normal frequency band, and may even damage the treble and midrange units. For this reason, designers must divide the audio frequency band into several segments, and use different speakers for different frequency bands to stop the sound. This is the origin and function of the frequency divider.

　　The crossover is the "brain" in the speaker, which is very important to the sound quality. The music signal output by the power amplifier must be processed by each filter element in the fire frequency device, so that the signal of the specific frequency of each unit can pass through. It is necessary to design the speaker's frequency divider scientifically, reasonably and rigorously to effectively modify the different characteristics of the speaker unit, optimize the combination, make each unit maximize its strengths and avoid weaknesses, fully display its own potential, and change the frequency response of each frequency band. It has to be smooth and accurate in the phase of the sound and image, so that the high, medium, and low-pitched music can be played with clear, in-time, clear, warm, broad, and natural sound quality.

　　In practical frequency dividers, sometimes in order to balance the flexibility difference between the high and bass units, attenuation resistance is also added; in addition, some frequency dividers also participate in an impedance compensation network composed of resistors and capacitors. It is to make the impedance curve of the speaker psychologically smoother, so as to facilitate the power amplifier drive.

　　In real life, many small characters have great energy. In many electronic products, it is very likely that a small piece of equipment will damage the use of the entire electrical appliance. The speaker crossover is a typical representative of this role. A speaker is far from being able to release high and low sound quality. Only through the speaker crossover that cannot be seen from the outside, the sound signal is divided into the speaker. There is beautiful high-quality sound reproduction.

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