Simple classification of microphones in conference room audio equipment

　　Microphones in conference room audio equipment are generally classified by the way in which they convert energy. Here we still classify microphones into dynamic microphones and condenser microphones according to the most common classification method for microphones in recording studios.

　　Dynamic Microphone: A microphone that produces an electrical signal from a conductor moving in a magnetic field. It is the diaphragm that drives the coil to vibrate, so that the coil in the magnetic field induces a current. Features: firm structure, stable performance, durability and low price; good frequency characteristics, flat amplitude-frequency characteristic curve in the frequency range of 50-15000Hz; good directivity; no need for DC working voltage, easy to use and low noise.

　　Condenser microphone: The diaphragm of this type of microphone is an electrode of the capacitor. When the diaphragm vibrates, the distance between the diaphragm and the fixed rear plate changes, resulting in a variable capacitance. This variable capacitance is related to the microphone itself. The included preamplifiers together generate the signal voltage.

　　Features: good frequency characteristics, flat amplitude-frequency characteristic curve in the audio range, which is better than dynamic microphones; no directionality; high sensitivity, low noise, soft timbre; relatively large output signal level, low distortion, transient response The performance is good, which is the advantage that the dynamic microphone cannot achieve; the working characteristics are not stable enough, the low-frequency sensitivity decreases with the increase of use time, the service life is relatively short, and the DC power supply is required for operation, which makes it inconvenient to use.

　　There is a preamplifier in a condenser microphone, of course, there must be a power supply. Due to the volume, this power supply is generally placed outside the microphone. In addition to supplying the polarization voltage to the diaphragm of the capacitor, it also supplies the necessary voltage to the tubes or transistors of the preamplifier. We call it phantom power.

　　Due to this preamplifier, condenser microphones are relatively sensitive. Some of the necessary accessories for use include: shock mounts (usually given with the microphone), wind shields, blowout shields, and high-quality microphone stands. If you want to do ultra-close-up recording work, a pop shield is essential.

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